This article provides a guide to normal visual development and an overview of assessment when visual development is non-standard. There are some indications of non-standard visual development that can be established prior to language development, but assessment is easier once language has developed. However, waiting for language to develop when there is a concern is...

Reducing pain and discomfort in children undergoing immunisation is a way to reduce barriers to immunisation, one of the most important advances in child health of our time.

'Early detection of hearing impairment' discusses early diagnosis, fitting of hearing aids, and how enrollment in early intervention programs can improve developmental outcomes. Unfortunately, the mean age of diagnosis is two years of age in many western countries, including Australia. Reading to infants and young children can help to ameliorate the high rates of adult...

Primary nocturnal enuresis is intermittent nighttime wetting after the age of five years. It can either be primary - the child has never had dry nights, or secondary - the child starts wetting after a 6-12 month period of dry nights. Rickets is characterised as a failure of mineralisation in the growing bone. It occurs...

'Fever in children' discusses this common symptom of illness and when parents should be concerned, depending on the baby's age. The article outlines the normal range, measurement methods and management. Dealing with dogs considers two major approaches to reducing dog bites among children, encouraging responsible pet ownership, and reducing the numbers of those breeds identified...