This briefing note finds that all the major opportunities to improve energy affordability in electricity and gas also either support – or are independent to – Australia’s net zero ambitions. The findings dispel the notion that reducing emissions comes at the expense of Australian households and businesses. It finds significant room for improvement in energy...

Australia has long discussed developing a green iron industry. This briefing note proposes that if Australia aims to position itself as a global leader in the emerging green iron market, it must first assess whether it has the essential ingredients and whether it is on track to leverage its resources to meet long-term targets.

Modelling presented in this report shows focusing on household energy demand is a highly effective strategy to address Australia’s energy challenges. Household solutions such as thermal upgrades, solar and batteries, and smart, efficient electric appliances would save consumers money, while also benefiting the broader energy system. The report provides five recommendations.

Queensland marked 10 years as an liquid natural gas (LNG) exporter in January 2025 and has emerged as a key supplier of LNG, primarily to China. Besides boosting Australia’s energy trade with Asia’s largest economy, the industry has left a legacy of higher domestic gas prices, weaker domestic gas demand, lower than expected state royalty...

Eastern Australia’s gas market is undergoing a technological change with lower operating cost energy alternatives available for customers in manufacturing, electricity and the residential gas markets. The rate of adoption of these technologies will determine the scale of the substitution of gas, and there is a risk that the decline in gas demand may accelerate.