Serious and organised crime continues to impose a substantial burden on the Australian economy. This report considers the direct and consequential costs of serious and organised crime in Australia, as well as the costs to government entities, businesses and individuals associated with preventing and responding to serious and organised crime.

This report estimates the cost of serious and organised crime in Australia in 2020–21 to be between $24.8 billion and $60.1 billion. This is the third in a series of reports undertaken for the Australian Criminal Intelligence Commission estimating the cost of serious and organised crime.

This report is the second published by the AIC arising from its national video courts research program and documents the development and implementation of AVL (audiovisual link) technologies in the criminal courts in Australia, before the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in late 2019.

This report assesses the practical and legal considerations that need to be taken into account when adopting audio-visual link (AVL) technologies in the criminal courts, and concludes by identifying best practice initiatives for the adoption of AVL technologies in Australia.

This report estimates the cost of pure cyber-crime to individuals in Australia in 2019.