This report provides comparable national statistics measuring the state of education worldwide. It shows that, despite overall growth in tertiary attainment, family background continues to strongly influence who pursues higher education. It finds that teacher shortages need to be tackled to strengthen education systems. A country note on Australia accompanies the report.

This policy brief examines how Research Infrastructures (RIs) can move beyond serving specialist scientific communities to play a broader role in addressing major societal challenges. Drawing on lessons from the COVID-19 response, it highlights the untapped potential of RI ecosystems to foster interdisciplinary collaboration, support innovation and inform public policy.

This paper explores openness in artificial intelligence (AI), including relevant terminology and how different degrees of openness can exist. There is ongoing debate about the risks, benefits and trade-offs of making AI models publicly available. This paper seeks to support policy discussions on how to balance the openness of generative AI foundation models with responsible...

This report reviews Australia's' Digital and ICT Investment Oversight Framework (IOF) progress three years post-launch, benchmarking it against OECD best practice. It identifies strengths, challenges and opportunities to ensure the IOF remains fit for purpose and continues to advance Australia’s digital government ambitions. Based on the assessment, the report provides policy recommendations for the Australian...

Teachers’ salaries consistently represent the largest spending item in public primary and secondary educational institutions across OECD countries and are often the subject of debate. This policy brief outlines spending patterns across OECD countries, highlighting the complexity of implementing broad salary reforms. It finds that even modest salary increases for teachers can have a significant...