This paper summarises the research evidence on the influence of positive peer relationships on the social and emotional development of young people in the middle years (8-14 years), as well as the factors that affect this association. It also outlines how practitioners working with young people might support positive peer relationships.

This resource is based on a rapid evidence review of the research evidence on peer relationships and mental health among young people aged 8–14 years. This review adopted a strengths-based approach and focused on peer relationships in general, with a particular focus on positive and supportive peer relationships. It did not explore bullying and peer victimisation.

Key messages:

• Young people's social relationships during the middle years (8-14) can affect their current and future health and wellbeing, learning and academic performance, and peer and family relationships.
• Interactions with peers can help to develop the social and cognitive skills needed to navigate relationships in later life.
• Positive peer relationships are associated with more positive mental health and/or fewer externalising behaviours (e.g. aggression, problem behaviours).
• Peer support in the middle years can be a protective factor against negative mental health outcomes.
• Practitioners working with young people can support their mental health by encouraging and supporting positive peer relationships.
• Strategies and programs aimed at promoting positive peer relationships could include conflict resolution, resilience, communication and self-regulation.
• Young people can be encouraged to participate in social interactions and activities that enhance their interpersonal social skills and behaviours.