This report provides an analysis of global trade in counterfeit and pirated goods. It offers an overview of the scope, scale and key characteristics of such illicit trade, with a focus on the European Union. The report also examines emerging trends and highlights the need for coordinated international efforts to secure supply chains. 

The increasing interconnectedness of global economies has created new opportunities for trade and innovation, yet it has also become more challenging to protect intellectual property and enforce trade regulations. Expanding supply chains and the rise of e-commerce have facilitated illicit trade, particularly in the trade of counterfeit goods. Counterfeit goods that infiltrate supply chain networks undermine legitimate businesses, deprive governments of revenue, and pose public health and safety risks.

Strengthening enforcement requires better coordination, information sharing, and collaboration with rights holders and trade intermediaries. Enhanced engagement with trade intermediaries, including postal and shipping services, is critical to curbing illicit trade and safeguarding global supply chains.

Key findings

• Counterfeit goods range from everyday consumer items to luxury products, with a worrying increase in the trade of dangerous goods such as counterfeit automotive parts and pharmaceuticals.
• In 2021, counterfeit and pirated goods accounted for up to 2.3% of global trade and up to 4.7% of EU imports.
• In 2021, global trade in counterfeit goods was valued at approximately USD 467 billion.
• Counterfeiters exploit online platforms and modern logistics to infiltrate legitimate trade, with postal services emerging as the primary channel for distribution.